Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include Essay Example for Free

Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include Essay Event Production Manager, 206inc Director of Communications, 75 Ninth Avenue Coordinator of Sales and Marketing, 75 Ninth Avenue Partnership Marketing Manager, AAA MidAtlantic, Inc General Director, Action Marketing Country Manager, Action Marketing Costa Rica Partner, Activent Marketing Director, Global Experiential Marketing, Activision Senior Employee Communication Specialist and Event Planner, Activision Publishing Inc. Retail Experiential Marketing Manager, Activision Publishing Inc. Senior Corporate Events Manager, Adobe Marketing Events Manager, ADP Event Planner, ADP Events Marketing Manager, AdRoll Manager of Events, Adult Swim Events Coordinator, Adult Swim President, Advantage International Associate Creative Director, Advantage International Account Manager, Advantage International General Manager, Agressive Communication Director of Accounts and Business Development, AIM Marketing Solutions Director, Integrated Marketing, Alaska Airlines Conventions Planner, Alcon Global Conventions Logistics Planner, Alcon Laboratories Senior Project Manager, Events, Align Technology Vice President, All Year Sports Galaxy President, Alliance Connection, Inc. Senior Vice President, Allied Experiential Director-Sponsorships, Promotions and PR, Allstate Director-Global Event Marketing, AMD Senior Manager, Consumer Products and Services, American Express Media Consutlant/Producer, American Family Insurance Media Director, American Family Insurance Experiential Marketing Specialist, American Honda Motor Co. Manager, Experiential Marketing, American Honda Motor Co., Inc. Director, Sales Marketing, Event Conference Services, American Museum of Natural History Business Development Manager, Amsterdam RAI Trade Development, Amway Tradeshow Manager, AMX VP, Experiential Marketing, Anheuser-Busch Marketing Director, Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield Owner/Creative Director, AOO Events Events Manager, Apartments.com Events Director, Armstrong Patrnership Marketing Specialist, Audi of America Creative Director, AWESTRUCK Marketing Group President, AWESTRUCK Marketing Group President, B. Levine Productions VP, Affinity/Event Marketing, Bank of America Project Analyst, Bank of America Executive VP, Barkley Kalpak Agency Marketing Manager, Bayer Healthcare Senior Event Manager, BI WORLDWIDE Director, Global Brand Experinece, BlackRock VP, Brand Experience, BlackRock Director, Global Brand Experience, BlackRock Sampling Events Coordinator, Blue Chip Marketing Worldwide Product Manager, BlueWater Technologies Event Marketing Manager, BNP Media Event Manager, Booking.com Account Director, BOOM! Marketing Managing Partner, Brandscopic Director, Consumer Marketing Events, Bravo Market Leader, Britten Studios Vice President Special Events Promotions, Caesars Entertainment Director of Special Events, Caesars Entertainment Director of Strategy Planning, Cà ¡rdenas Marketing Network Executive Director, Strategic Corporate Events, Catalina Global Director, Event Management, Charles River Associate Director, Event Management, Charles River Head of Experiential Marketing, Chrysler Experiential Marketing, Chrysler Group LLC 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ VP, Client Creative, Chute Gerdeman Director Marketing Strategy, Cisco Marketing Strategist, Cisco Manager, Program Management, Cisco Social Media Manager, Consultant, Cisco, Cisco Director of Sales, Partner Engagement and Recoginition Programs, Cisco Manager: Digital, Audience and Measurement Engagement Strategy, Cisco Principal Marketing Manager, Worldwide Marketing, Citrix VP, Sales, City Eventions Vice President, Events Marketing, City National Bank Principal, Cloudburst Advisory Group Event Director, CMD Global Digital Marketing Manager, Coca-Cola Director, Corporate Marketing, Cognizant National Account Executive, Color Reflections Las Vegas Marketing Manager, Comcast Business Mobile Experience Regional Director, Compassion International Brand Director, Constellation Wines Manager, Global Marketing, Cook Medical Senior Manager, Global Marketing, Cook Medical VP, Program Development, CPC Intersect Project Sales, Craftsmen Industries President, Marketing Services, CROSSMARK Conference Manager, Crossway Books Brand Director, Crown Imports Senior Director Marketing, CSE Senior Marketing Director, CSP Business Media Promo Director, CTC Media Vice President of Enterprise Event Marketing Sales, Cvent Creative Techologist, CXG Vice President, Sales, Czarnowski Author, Decide to Be Excellent Event Marketing Director, Dell Experiential Marketing Manager, Dell Alienware Senior Marketing Manager, Deloitte Event Manager, Deluxe Strategic Communications Director, Deluxe VP Experiential, Deutsch Inc Partner/Vice President, Dimensional Communications Event Manager, Discover Financial Services Marketing Communications Manager, DoubleDutch Director, Multicultural Marketing, Dr Pepper Snapple Group Marketing Communications Program Manager, Eaton Corporation Marketing Manager, Edmunds.com Executive Director, EDPA VP, Account Director, EEI Global Operations Manager, Elite Marketing Group CTO, Elite Marketing Group Senior Vice President, Elite Marketing Group Account Executive, ELS Creative Director, Encatalogo CEO, Encompass Events Pvt Ltd Founder CEO, Encore Nationwide CEO, Engine Shop Director, Engine Shop Director, Marketing Communications, Ericsson Director, Client Experiences, Escalate Sr. Program Events Manager, ESET North America CEO, eshots, Inc. Senior Manager, Brand Partnerships, Esurance Vice President of Global Marketing, etouches Business Development, Event Strategy Group CEO, EventNet USA Founder CEO, EventPro Strategies SVP, Client Development, Eventus Vice President, Eventus CEO, Eventus Marketing LLC President, Digital Engagements, EWI Worldwide Executive Vice President, Exhibit Surveys Group CEO, Exp Group Group CMO, Exp Group Head of Strategy, Exp Nigeria Corporate Brand Consultant, ExpandaBrand Partner, Fake Love VP, Management Director, FCBX EVP, Group Management Director, FCBX Specialty Sales Manager, Featherlite, Inc. Senior Brand Manager, Pralines, Ferrero Canada Ltd Senior Manager, Global Events, FICO Director, Global Events, FICO Group Director, Fidelity Investments 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Director, First Protocol VP of Marketing and Analytics, FISH Technologies Owner/CEO, Flash Point Communications Social Media Coordinator, Flash Point Communications, LLC CEO, Flavor Group VP, Marketing and Client Development, FLIRT Communications Experiential Marketing Manager, Florida Blue Experiential Marketing Specialist, Florida Blue VP, Business Development, Fluent Marketing Manager, For Rent Media Solutions/Forrent.com Brand Content and Alliance Manager, Ford Managing Director, Forum Group Events National Account Director, Corporate Accounts, Freeman SVP, Corporate Events, Freeman President, FreemanXP CEO, G2Planet Marketing Coordinator, GEICO Corporate Marketing Coordinator, GEICO National Strategic Partnership Rep., General Growth Properties National Promotions Manager, General Motors Marketing Manager, General Motors Auto Show Manager, General Motors Experiential Marketing Manager, General Motors Auto Show Manager, General Motors Account Supervisor, Geometry Global Account Director, Geometry Global SVP, Head of North American Analytics, Geometry Global Field Director, Geometry Global EVP, Experiential Marketing, Geometry Global Creative Director, Geometry Global Executive Assistant, Geometry Global Management Supervisor, Geometry Global Account Manager, Geometry Global Field Director, Geometry Global Executive Group Director, Geometry Global Account Director, Geometry Global Account Supervisor, Geometry Global Managing Director, Geometry Global Director of Production, Geometry Global SVP, Client Services, George P Johnson Senior Strategist, Strategy and Planning, George P. Johnson Promotion Marketing Representative, Georgia Lottery Corporation Trade Show Manager, Gerber SVP, Marketing, Global Experience Specialists Marketing Manager, Global Experience Specialists Senior Marketing Coordinator, Global Experience Specialists Marketing Communications Supervisor, GMR Marketing Director of Client Development, GMR Marketing Chief Digital Officer, GMR Marketing CEO/Cheif Creative, Go West Creative Account Manager, GO! Experience Design General Manager, GO! Experience Design Manager, Event Marketing, Gogo Air CEO, Gold N Fish Marketing Group Executive Director, GolinHarris Google, Google CEO, Group Delphi Account Executive, Group Delphi Associate Account Manager, Grow Marketing Associate Account Director, Grow Marketing Account Director/Experiential and Sponsorships, GSDM Partnership Marketing Manager, GSMA Ltd Manager, Mobile Marketing Programs, GSMA Ltd. New Business Development, East Coast Manager, GTE Agency Senior Marketing Manager, Brand Promotion and PR, HR Block Director of Brand Promotion and PR, HR Block Executive Director, Business Development, Hargrove Inc Senior Account Executive, Hargrove Inc Sales Executive, Hargrove, Inc. Director, Regional Dealer Communication, Harley-Davidson Director, Event Strategy and Execution, North America, Harley-Davidson Motor Company Sr. Coordinator Customer Experience Operations, Harley-Davidson Motor Company Account coordinator, Hawkeye 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Client Partner, hawkeye Sports Experiential Brand Director, Sponsorships Events, Heineken USA Brand Manager, Sponsorships Events, Heineken USA Managing Partner, Helios Creative Services Production Resource Manager, Hello! Florida Destination Management VP, Creative Services, Hello! Florida Destination Management Senior Account Manager, Henry V Experience Designer, Henry V / Lub Dub Account Manager, Henry V Events Senior Manager, Event Marketing, Hewlett-Packard Company Writer/Producer, HGTV Manager, Hills Corp CEO, Founder, Hit Brands VP, Events Strategy and Transformation, HP Senior Director, HP SVP, Marketing and Events, HP Sr. Group Manager, Experiential Marketing, Hyundai Motor America Account Executive, i4D Events Marketing and Communications Manager, Idaho Housing and Finance Vice President, Ignition, Inc. Art Director, Illumina, Inc. Sr. Marketing Specialist, Illumina, Inc. Manager, Events, Illumina, Inc. Global Events, IMAX Corporation Assistant Manager, Global Events, IMAX Corporation New Business Development, Manager, Impact Unlimited CCO, Innova Marketing Event Marketing Program Manager, Intel Senior Consumer Marketing Manager, Intel Program Manager, Corporate Event Marketing, Intel Account Exeuctive, Interactions Marketing Senior Business Development Manager, Interactions Marketing Account Executive, Interactions Marketing Sr. Marketing Manager, InterCall Director of Product Marketing, InterCall President CEO, International Sportsmens Expositions, Inc. Account Manager, InVision Communiations CEO, Co-Founder, InVision Communications Project Manager, ITA Group Manager, Event Solution Line, ITA Group Production Manager, Jack Morton Worldwide Strategy Director, Jack Morton Worldwide SVP, Senior Strategist, Jack Morton Worldwide Director of Business Development, JHE Production Group Account Manager, JMI Senior Consultant, Events Marketing, Kaiser Permanente Manager, Event Marketing, Kaiser Permanente Manager, Programs Design, Kaiser Permanente Director of Partnership Marketing, Karlitz Company Chief Growth Officer, Karma411 Chief Executive Officer, Karma411 Marketing Manager, Karmasphere Group Account Director Experiential and Sponsorship, KBS+ Account Executive, Kubik Managing Director, Kubik VP, Museum Sales, Kubik Malbtbie, Inc. VP, Sales Sponsorships, LM Consulting SVP, Strategy Product Management, Lanyon Promotions Supervisor, LatinWorks Account Director, LeadDog Marketing Group Inc Director Client Partnerships, LeadDog Marketing Group Inc Senior Account Executive, Legacy Marketing Partners General Manager, Legacy Marketing Partners Account Supervisor, Legacy Marketing Partners Vice President, Sales Marketing, LEGO KidsFest Vice President, Operations, LEGO KidsFest Principal, LEO Events Senior Vice President, LEO Events Principal, LEO Events Director, Marketing Communications, Liberty Mutual Insurance CEO, LIFELAB events SVP, Chief Marketing Officer, Retirement Plan Services, Lincoln Financial Group 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Marketing Manager, Conference/Event Management, Lincoln Financial Group COO, Linder Associates President, Linder Associates Digital Director, Liquid 7 Digital Content House Chief Creative Strategist, Live Marketing Senior Event Supervisor, LIVE!media by Sunflower Director of Events, LIVE!media by Sunflower Marketing Manager, LIVESTRONG Foundation President, M2W Inc. Director, National Events Partnerships, Macys Parade Entertainment Group Principal, MAG Specialty Vehicles Director of Client Service, Magnet Engagement Group President, Magnet Engagement Group Partnership Account Executive, Mall of America Partnership Account Manager, Mall of America Partner Chief Storyteller, Manifesto Partner Chief Strategist, Manifesto Account Director, Maritz Account Director, Maritz Project Manager, Marketing Factory CEO, Marketing Factory SVP Client Service, Marketing Werks Senior Director of Operations, Marketing Werks Senior Manager, Engagement, Marketing Werks General Manager, Marketing Werks Group Account Manager, Marketing Werks Associate Director, Marketing Werks Group Account Manager, Client Service, Marketing Werks Account Supervisor, match action VP, Development, match action VP, Accounts, match action VP, Event Marketing, Match.com VP, Public Relations and Digital Communications, Maybelline F2F Channel Manager, mbna Sports Marketing Manager, mbna Division President, MC2 SVP, Experience Design Director, MC2 Creative Director, MC2 SVP, Client Service, MC2 Senior Vice President Client Service, MC2 Client Director, MCI UK Head of Live Experience, MCI UK Sales and Marketing Coordinator, McNaughton-McKay Electric Co. Senior Brand Manager, Mentos Head of Brand Experience Marketing, Mercedes-Benz CEO, Method Models VP, Hotel Sales, MGM Grand Hotel Casino VP, Sales, MGM Grand Hotel/Casino Sr. National Sales Manager, MGM Grand Hotel/Casino Product Marketing Manager, Microsoft Global Event Marketing, Microsoft Senior Events Digital Marketing Manager, Microsoft Digital Marketing Manager, Microsoft Senior Director, Worldwide Partner Events, Microsoft General Manager, Worldwide Events, Microsoft Director of Operations, Milligan Events Principal, Milligan Events Director of Business Development, Milligan Events VP Marketing and Social/Digital Strategy, Moderne Communications, Inc. President, Moderne Communications, Inc. President, Mosaic Experiential Marketing Senior Account Executive, Moss Events VP, Operations Strategy, Motive CEO, Creative Director, Motive Events Sponsorship Manager, Moz Account Director, PR/social influence, MULLEN Manager, National Basketball Association Director of Consumer Marketing and Media Strategy, National Geographic Channel Associate Manager, Consumer Marketing and Media Strategy, National Geographic Channels Senior Director Marketing, NBC Sports Vice President, Ncompass International Account Manager, Ncompass International Co-Founder, Ncompass International Account Manager, Ncompass International Account Coordinator, Ncompass International Brand Activation Manager, Neo Media Marketing Limited 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Managing Director/CEO, Neo Media Marketing Limited Business Analyst, Neo Media Marketing Limited Director, Nestle Marketing Service Director, Nestle Marketing Events Coordinator, New York Central Mutual Account Executive, Next Marketing Director of Strategy, Next Marketing CEO/President, Next Marketing Marketing Coordinator, North Highland Account Executive, Nth Degree Account Director, Nth Degree VP, Automotive Brand Experiences, Nth Degree Senior Vice President, Octagon President, Octanorm USA President, On Board Experiential Marketing President, One Stop Interactive EVP, Marketing Strategic Development, Opus Events Agency COO, Opus Events Agency EVP Creative Director, Opus Events Agency EVP, Event Strategy Design, Opus Events Agency EVP, Global Accounts, Opus Events Agency President, Opus Events Agency VP, Marketing, Oracle Managing Director/CEO, Oracle Experience Limited Business Development, Oracle Nigeria Brand Activation Management, Oracle Nigeria Creative Consultant, Oracle Nigeria Senior Director, Global Initiatives, PayPal Managing Creative Director, PBJS Vice President, PBJS COO, PBJS Senior Manager, Brand Marketing, Peets Coffee Tea Senior Brand Director, Pepsi Senior Director of Cultural Branding, Pepsi VP, Business Development/Operations, Performance Marketing Group, inc. Executive Director, Corporate Accounts/Motorsports, Performance Marketing Group, inc. Director, Motorsports Marketing, Performance Marketing Group, inc. Experiential Producer, Periscope Senior Experiential Designer, Periscope Director of Marketing and Communications, Philips Global Director, Marketing Communications, Philips Healthcare Director, New Business Development, Pinnacle Exhibits, Inc. VP, Operations, Plan C Agency Director of Sales, Plannernet Sr. Research Manager, PortMA Field Marketing Manager, Preferred Brands International ~ Tasty Bite VP, Partnership Marketing, PREIT Malls Senior Manager, Partnership Marketing, PREIT Malls President, Premiere Transportation Business Development, Production Glue National Account Manager-Event Marketing, Productions Plus-The Talent Shop President, ProExhibits President and Lead Staffer, Professional Staffer Services VP, Program Development, Professional Staffer Services Sr. Marketing Manager, Project: WorldWide SVP, Marketing and Communications, Project: WorldWide Event Coordinator, Promega Corporation Executive Producer, Proscenium CFO, Proscenium Chief Creative Officer, Proscenium Managing Director, Proscenium Senior Brand Manager, PRUSA Events Manager, PRUSA Director of Product and Channel Marketing, QuickMobile Partner, Executive Creative Director, Rally Marketing Group Partner, Integration Development, Rally Marketing Group President, Ravenchase Adventures Global Director of PR, Razer Senior VP, Red Light Management Senior Program Manager, RedPeg Marketing Director, B2B Strategy, Regence BlueCross BlueShield 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Event Manager, Regence BlueCross BlueShield Director, Remezcla CEO, Remezcla Director, Remezcla VP-Marketing, Remy Cointreau Author, Resilience: Why Things Bounce Back VP, rEvolution COO, RMD Group Inc. Account Supervisor, Roberts Communications Account Executive, Roberts Communications Director of Sales, Rock-It Cargo Author, Romancing the Brand: How Brands Create Strong, Intimate Relationships with Consumers CEO, Sales Generators Executive Vice President, Sales Generators Director, Business Development, Sandra Arnold Inc. GM Events Pers, SAP Senior Director, Global Events, SAP GM Events Pers, SAP VP, Global Events, SAP CEO/CCO, School Marketing Coordinator, Scripps Networks Interactive HGTV DIY Network Director Global Marketing, SEMI Director, Shared Experiences Executive Director, Business Development, ShowTec, Inc. COO, Showtime Group AVP, Business Development, Simon Property Group/Simon Brand Ventures Director of Marketing Communications Services, Skyline Exhibits Author, Social: Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect Partner, Soho Experiential Director of Business Develoment and Strategic Partnerships, SoHo Experiential Partner, Soho Experiential Marketing Manager, Solar Energy Trade Shows, LLC Executive VP, Solutions at Fluent VP, Branding Professional Services, Sonic VP, Strategic Accounts, Sparks Global Director of Event Marketing, Spotify Senior Marketing Product Manager, Events, SQE Director of Business Development, Staging Solutions, Inc. CEO, Star Strategy Director, Stretch Experiential Marketing Shows and Events Manager, Subaru of America CEO, Switch SVP, Switch: Liberate Your Brand VP, Marketing, Talking Rain Beverage Co. Sponsorship Specialist, Tauben Company Manager, Mall Media, Taubman Senior Manager, The Event Group, TD Ameritrade Director, The Event Group, TD Ameritrade VP, Events Management and Executive Conference Centers, TD Bank VP Events Manager, TD Bank Account Director, TEAM Enterprises Account Supervisor, TEAM Enterprises VP/Partner, TEAM Enterprises Account Supervisor, Experiential Relationship Marketing, Team One Strategic Analyst, Team One Account Executive, Experiential Relationship Marketing, Team One Management Supervisor, Experiential Relationship Marketing, Team One Event Manager, The Boeing Company Customer Market Engagement Specialist, The Boeing Company Sr. Field Experiential Marketing Manager, The Coca-Cola Company Director, Field Experiential Marketing Center of Excellence, The Coca-Cola Company VP, Marketing, The Cosmopolitan Resort Casino President, The Event Shop VP, Corporate Communications, The Expo Group Vice President, The Expo Group Co-Founder, The Hype Agency Director of Activations, The Hype Agency Marketing and Promotions Coordinator, The Law Society of Upper Canada Partnered Events Coordinator, The LIVESTRONG Foundation Account Director, The Marketing Store Author, The Myths of Creativity Operations Manager, The Participation Agency Director of Business Development, The 2014 Event Marketing Summit Attendees Include†¦ Sunflower Group President/CEO, The Trade Group Technical Associate, Thinkwell Group Account Director, This Is Fusion Program Manager, This Is Fusion Account Executive, This Is Fusion Marketing Manager, thomson reuters Conference Director, thomson reuters Conference Manager, thomson reuters CEO, Thrive line, Inc. CCO, THUMP / VICE CEO, Thuzi Project Director, Touch Worldwide Managing Partner, Touch Worldwide Director of Strategy/Senior Producer, Touch Worldwide CEO, Touchdown Marketing President, Track Marketing Group VP, Consumer Engagement, TrojanOne Senior Manager, Consumer Engagement, TrojanOne Project Manager, Turtle Transit Commander, U.S. Air Force Partner, Undercurrent, LLC Senior Manager, Media Business Development, United Airlines Event Markerting Manager, Universal Technical Institute Senior Director of Consumer Products, Univision Communications, Inc Director of Experiential Marketing, Univision Communications, Inc National Sales Director, Upstage Video Director of Event Marketing and Communications, USANA Health Sciences Director, Business Development, Van Wagner Communications VP, Events and Sponsorship, VAVi Sport and Social Club Sport and Social Industry Association Associate Director of Sales, VDA Productions Account Executive, VEE Corporation Executive Director, National Retail Operations, Verizon Associate Director, Store Design, Verizon Marketing, Sponsorships Events, Verizon Marketing Manager, Sponsorships Events, Verizon Head of Innovations CS, INS, Viacom Director, Marketing, Viacom Director Live, Viacom Eccount Manager, Visage Advertisinf Limited VP, Global Connections, Vivastream Director, New Business Development, VWV Client Services Manager, VWV USA Director, New Business Development, VWV USA Director, Client Services, Wasserman Media Group Senior Director, Operations, Wasserman Media Group Senior Vice President, Wasserman Media Group Vice President, Wasserman Media Group Vice President, Webb Audio Visual President, Webb Audio Visual Experiential marketing Consultant, Wells Fargo Marketing Manager, Wells Fargo Sponsorship Activation Manager, Wells Fargo Assistant Vice President, Wells Fargo Creative Services Manager, Western Southern Director of Creative Services, Western Southern Senior Corporate Communications Specialist, Western Southern Manager, Sponsorship, Community Investment Experiential Marketing, WestJet Airlines Team Lead, Sponsorship Experiential Marketing, WestJet Airlines Manager, Sponsorship, WestJet Airlines Team Lead, Sponsorship, WestJet Airlines Director, Experiential Events, World Vision Manager, Client Engagement Events Marketing, Xerox Corporation Events Manager, Zebra Technologies Event Marketing Director, Zumba Fitness

Case Study Marketing: Nyquil

Case Study Marketing: Nyquil Nyquil is a brand of over the counter drug produced by Vicks, which is a division of the Procter and Gamble Company. This drug comes in form of syrup and liquid capsules and tablets that are used to for the treatment of a wide range of cold symptoms. Marketing of Nyquil is done both in the domestic market and internationally by the Procter and gamble through it Vicks subsidiary that it bought from Richardson Vicks in 2005.Vicks is known world widely for its marketing of branded consumer health care products. Before its acquisition by PG the Vicks Company had more than thirty subsidiaries all over the world some of which were acquired by PG too. One of them is the India Richardson Hindustan Limited (RVL) Company that has greatly contributed in the manufacturing and distribution of the Nyquil drug (Richardson Vicks Inc. (RVI)).Nyquil is the number one drug recommended by pharmacists for night time relief of cold among adults and it is available in more than 70 countries within five continents where its distributed by varied PG distributors. Drug distributors in pharmacies, government and private hospital and pharmaceutical companies get their Nyquil drugs shipped to their countries with the by the manufactures and the Subsidiaries of PG pharmaceutical products. This physical distribution of the drug is done through a well organized supply chain that spreads from the manufacture to the consumer. The purchasing of this drug can either be done by physically visiting the pharmaceutical companies or by placing online bids through website like Amazon.com and Vicks.com Some pharmaceutical companies that dont produce the Nyquil drug act as the distribution centers by buying the drug in bulk from Vicks company and other pharmaceutical associated with PG and they repackage it with direction and permission from the manufacturer. Such companies employ sales agents who sell the drug either directly or through the internet. They market Nyquil to the wholesalers, private buyers, hospitals and sometimes to selected retail dealers. The wholesalers buy from such companies, break the bulk and redistribute the drug to the retail sellers in pharmacies and small private hospitals. This multi channel distribution of Nyquil has made it easy to export the drug to various markets all over the world. The marketing of the Nyquil drug has for the longest of time been assisted by its brand strength. Mention Nyquil to any American and they will understand what you are taking about. In fact it could equally qualify as the most abused cold over the counter drug since it has a sedating effect on its user. Widespread television radio and print advertisement have helped create product awareness and created ideal market exposure for the drug. The liquid variation of Nyquil was tested for the first time in 1966, and officially launched into the market in 1968 with several television and magazine advertisement and recommendation from the medical world. Consequently, Procter and Gamble used $ 17 million dollars to promote liquid Nyquil during its launch in 1980(New York Magazine 12 Vol. 24, No. 38) Further more, Nyquil has become a common name to most house holds in American households and its the mostly recommended over the counter drug for remedying cold symptoms. Its slogan that calls it The nighttime, sniffling, sneezing, coughing, aching, best-sleep-you-ever-got-with-a-cold medicine is an eye catcher for anyone displaying the mentioned symptoms of a cold. With this slogan comes a list of Nyquil variation, each tailored to the different formulations on offer. More over the Nyquil Liquid medication is available in ranges of the Soothing Original, Soothing Cherry, and Vanilla Cherry Swirl. The earliest marketing of Nyquil also created a niche market for it as the best night time relieve for cold since it has an ingredient that makes someone drowsy and help him sleep peaceful. This quality of Nyquil was previously critiqued by those who didnt want to use a cold remedy with the intention of sleeping immediately. To maintain the drugs niche and retain her customers Vicks company came up with Dayquil, a daytime counter part of Nyquil which does not contain the sedating ingredients or alcohol that is found in Nyquil. Therefore, Procter and gamble s able to satisfy both the day time and night time consumers of effective cold remedy. Another marketing method used in the marketing of Nyquil is the use of Nyquil Coupons. This coupons which are distributed by either Procter and Gamble Sunday News Circular supplement called PG Brand Saver, from the physicians and allergists, weekly circular of pharmacies like Walgreens and CVS or in third party Coupon Sites like Coupon.Com.These coupons enables to one buy Nyquil medication at a discounted rate during a repeat purchase and are working to attract and sustain repeat buyers of the product. To make it easier for customers the coupons are available in clippable and printable online form, and so any person is able to access them (Pharmacy Drug Guide.com). Another promotion strategy that was launched for this product in 2009 was the use of social media Facebook.According to the a customer review the most attractive thing about the Nyquil face book page was that the introductory language used in it did not try to get you straight to the product but first told you about the page itself detailing the growing number of its fans in order to make someone feel like he was missing out on something. During the same period it had a free Nyquil T-shirt offer for the Nyquil customers who posted the best peaceful sleeping photos purported to have been taken after one had taken Nyquil for their cold. According to another blogger, it took only 7 days for the number of Nyquil fans to grow from 30199 to 95,125 and in the next twenty four hours they had grown to a hundred thousand. This kind of marketing has created an extensive exposure to the product and interested buyers from all over the world can easily access information on it. In effect, the approach has helped in creating wide spread product knowledge and in beating the common misconceptions that competitor sometimes spread about the product. Other than face book, marketers at PG use different Websites to advertise their product. For instance, Vicks.com is a website that gives product information on all the variations of Nyquil medication and any promotions involved in its purchase and where to shop for it. For instance, on the Nyquil and Dayquil product information page there is information on the availability of Combo packages of the drug and on the promotion page there is a promotional advert that asks someone to Search Nyquil on face book to enter the Vicks Nyquil/Dayquil search for the most dedicated NFL fan. The Promotion catch line is In the NFL there are no sick days. Such promotional activities are aimed at appealing the drug to the NFL fans (Vicks.com). The marketers of Nyquil have also been known to market the product through creation of its demand. This kind of marketing plays on human psychology by using words that are attractive to the consumer. Most Nyquil advertisements Market it as a medication that that work while a person is sleeping. This is interpreted to mean that it does not interfere with a persons daytime schedule. This night time appeal combined with the fact Nyquil tablet comes in not only Tablet and capsule form but also in liquid form helped increase the demand for the product. In essence there fore Nyquil is perceived as the most potent cold medication. This is a pull approach that helps in attracting consumers to the product without the manufacturer prodding them to do so. Although NyQuil contains 25% alcohol this remedy has become the gold mark of cold medication. However, the variation of Nyquil given to children only come in syrup form and does not contain any alcohol. When it comes to customer care, PG aims at providing the best for her Nyquil customers who are spread all over the world. The task of handling so many customers can be quite a logistic burden and man power burden to one company. There fore, PG usually out-sources the customer care service from Public Relation experts on contract basis. This extra service complements and helps to build up the customer skills displayed by PG personnels. For instance on June 30th, 2003 the company outsourced the customer care expertise of Syke Enterprises Incorporated on a five year contract at a cost of 70 million. Sykes, a reknown giant in provision of customer care services was to provide customer care management services and help provide solution to the P G consumer problem and help save cost. Part 2 Although the above marketing methods have helped open the sales gates for Nyquil some of them have achieved decreasing sustainability. For instance, in some cases PG has been accused of engaging in illegal marketing strategies in the promotion of Nyquil. Example was in the late 2009 when PG got itself under the scrutiny of the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for illegally touting two Vicks branded over-the -counter drugs, Vicks Nyquil plus vitamin C and its day time counterpart Vicks daytime plus vitamin C as both a medication for cold as well as a dietary supplements. The marketing language used on this drugs said that they worked by combining the powerful multi symptom relief of Dayquil with more than 150% of the recommended value of vitamin. This was done as a marketing strategy during the time of a swine flu epidemic but FDA claimed that there isnt well researched and verified material that shows vitamin C helps in prevention of colds. Consequently, the company was given 15 day s to amend the violation (Straczynski). Market competitors of Nyquil have also critiqued the use of alcohol as an ingredient to the drug. This has led to the rampant abuse of the drug is search for the high that is derived from its overdose. Although its manufacturers tried remedying this problem by changing the formulation of this medication it realized that the sedating quality of the medicine was still needed by those suffering from cold. This made customers abandon the New Nyquil in search for a drug with the qualities of the original Nyquil. Vicks was forced to revert back to the old formulation but the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act of 2005 only allows regulated over the counter purchase of this drug. Another critique is in the use of social media where one is only able to access the Nyquil page through series of applications that asks for private information that may drive away potential customers. The Nyquil wall does not allow interactive participation of the fans and it fails on not engaging customers enough. Consequently, Instead of using the platform to engage their user they have reverted to the traditional marketing tactic where you are only allowed to see the product but you cannot comment on it. They forget that the number of fans on a social website page does not always translate to potential customers since some people just like them for nostalgic reasons. Lastly although the drug has become a brand in America, it may have corresponding competition from other cold remedy manufacturers when it goes to outside markets. Never the less most of the advertisement and promotional activities have been concentrated in America where there is already saturation of information. In consequence there the following remedial measures should be taken in marketing of Nyquil. Instead of the manufacturer constantly changing the drug formulation due to its controversial sedating characteristics caused by the alcohol ingredient(Green 60), its marketers should be confident with the original Nyquil and market it as it is, since market research has shown that most initial consumers of this drug prefer it in its original form. Different formulation of the same medication erodes the consumer confidence in the product. Second, if the marketers of Nyquil plan to use social media network for marketing and advertisement purposes they should do it in a way that allows for consumer feed back. Lack of interaction creates disinterest and most potential consumers are likely to dislike the Nyquil page. 3. Illegal marketing strategy that gives lying information to consumers a marketing no-no that should be discouraged at any chance. Nyquil marketers should only advertise the truth about the product because customers may abandon the product when they find out that someone has been lying about it (Straczynski).This will happen due to reduced confidence in a product. 4. Finally, if PG want to increase it sale of Nyquil to the market outside America, is should increase, it advertising and promotional activities in these countries through its subsidiaries and distributors. This will accentuate the sales volumes especially from the largely untapped market. Research study: factors that enable depression Research study: factors that enable depression Introduction Research studies are essential to the practice of Social Work. Social Work practice is extremely complex and research studies allow social workers to develop theories and hypotheses that will help them understand the root of the issues that their clients are experiencing. Academic evidence is vital for backing up the practices, policies and values that underpin Social Work practice. Academic research not only benefits the social worker through the expansion of their knowledge but can also benefit clients and society at a policy level. In this essay I will be evaluating the research carried out by Brown and Harris (1984) in their book â€Å"Social origins of depression: a study of psychiatric disorder in women†, specifically on chapter 10, â€Å"Social class, provoking agents and depression†. Brown and Harris carried out this research to find out how life events and social and cultural factors may lead to the development of depression amongst women. I will briefly descri be their study and their findings and then discuss the methodology they used and the advantages and disadvantages of their methodology. I will also discuss how Brown and Harris’ research is extremely important and influential for the practice of Social Work and how the study is still used today to show how social and cultural factors can lead to depression. Description of study and findings The study aimed to find out how social factors and life events lead to women’s depression. They sampled 458 women in the south London area of Camberwell and surveyed them using â€Å"clinical based interviews† (Brown Harris 1984) on their daily lives and depression. Brown and Harris aim to contest the wide spread belief that depression is more common amongst women of higher social classes, as asserted by previous studies carried out by sociologist Pauline Bart, psychiatrist Ernest Becker and psychologist Charles Costello. Brown and Harris’ study contests this idea that middle class women are more likely to develop depression as they found in their study of 458 women that it was much more common for those who were working class to develop a psychiatric disorder, depression in particular. They found that 23% of working class women were â€Å"considered cases† as opposed to only 6% of middle class women. They measured the social class of the women by the occ upations of the women’s husbands and when this wasn’t available they used the occupation of the women’s father to determine their social class. In addition to class differences, Brown and Harris also looked at the â€Å"five life stages† which consisted of, three stages where women has a child at home with the youngest child being less than 6, between 6 and 14 and 15 and over. The remaining two life stages consisted of women younger than 35 where there was no child at home and women over 35 where there was no child at home. They found that in all life stages, working class women had a higher rate of depression than middle class women. Most notably, the highest percentage was of 31% for working class women with a child of less than 6 compared to 5% of middle class women. Brown and Harris found that depression was more prevalent amongst women of working class because there is greater vulnerability attached to working class. Vulnerability factors included lack of a confiding relationship, loss of mother before age of 11, unemployment, poor housing and low finances. These vulnerability factors, which were more common amongst those women who were working class, were found to increase the chance of developing depression. Vulnerability factors, when combined with stressful life events, like divorce, illness and death, which Brown and Harris called â€Å"provoking agents† further increased the chances of developing depression amongst working class women as they are more vulnerable with less support, financial and familial. These provoking agents or life events were ranked in severity by Brown and Harris, ranging from the most severe being â€Å"death† to the least â€Å"residence change†. â€Å"When social class is considered it is onl y severe events that show a class difference and then only among women with children† (Brown Harris 1984) , for both working and middle class women without children 1 in 3 experience at least one severe life event in the year, however when considering those with children the number stays the same for working class women, 1 in 3 whereas it drops to 1 in 5 for middle class women with children, implying that middle class women with children are more protected from provoking agents that lead to depression. The study concluded that social factors and life events are linked to depression. Working class women were more likely to develop depression than middle class women in all instances showing that the risk of developing depression is linked to social class. Brown and Harris found that being from a lower class meant increased vulnerability and greater chance of being exposed to provoking agents than middle class women. Importance to Social Work The study by Brown and Harris has been marked for many years by a combination of imaginative flair and commitment to the rigorous testing of their ideas (Tennant and Bebbington 1978). This study is extremely important to social work practice as it providing a turning point in looking at depression amongst women. The study provided an awareness of women’s mental health. Before this study, most research focused on personality traits and experiences in childhood that linked women to depression, however Brown and Harris’ study was different in that it investigated the social and cultural factors related to women’s mental health. It’s a very important study as it recognized that depression could be linked to social class and that life events or difficulties relating to social class could provoke the development of depression. Brown and Harris’ study is very important to the practice of social work as it provided a theory of the relationship between socia l class or status and depression amongst women and a clear understanding that poverty is linked to depression. In addition to finding a link between class and depression, this study is also very significant to social work as it allowed for the broadening of perspectives. Before, there was a medicalised model or way of looking at depression and mental illnesses however this study allowed social workers to develop the social model of depression, a thinking which challenged the medical model and looked for a much broader understanding of the reasons for depression. Furthermore, this study was connected to the growing awareness of women’s unequal position in society and in the family, so whilst it did not originate from feminist enquiry the study helped the evolving feminist movement which began to give women a voice in society. It also led to the development in the understanding of the demands of caring for children and the impact of the reduction in the extended family at this time. This study is very important to Social Work practice as it strengthened the role of social work with families and individuals who are in distress through community based practice. It also allowed women and mothers’ networks to strengthen as the study helped shine a light on the difficulties of being a mother, of experiencing different life events and the difficulties related to being working class. The study highlights the importance of social work values like anti-oppressive practice that strive towards equality for women and the recognition that wha t women feel should be understand. Furthermore, this study is extremely important to social work practice as it allows social workers to understand the roots of depression in women. This study shines a light on the social factors that lead to depression, social workers can use this study to identify what social factors lead to depression and target these factors and implement prevention techniques for those women who are most likely to develop depression. Advantages and Disadvantages of methodology Brown and Harris used a mixed methodology in their research. Statistical data was gathered and analysed by Brown and Harris, alongside the qualitative data obtained by individual narrative and stories. They used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods which increases validity and reliability. Reliable data means that the research could be repeated and the same results would occur and valid data means it’s a true picture of what the researcher is trying to measure. Brown and Harris used random sampling in their research and they used the sample of 458 women to represent the target population – middle class and working class women. Random sampling means their research is representative of the target population and they can therefore make generalisations about depression suffered by middle class women in contrast to working class women. Brown and Harris carried out semi-structured interviews meaning that the women could be asked open-ended questions which would give qualitative data, increasing validity by obtaining an in-depth understanding of the women’s situations. Interviews mean that the conversation developed naturally and so is a good method for researching sensitive issues like depression as the natural conversation allows the interviewee to feel relaxed and able to open up more to their interviewer. Interviews also allow a relationship to build between researcher and respondents. Brown and Harris continued their research over a long period of time (1969/71 and again in 1974/75) which would also strengthen their relationship with the women, allowing their evidence to be more valid and paint a true picture. However, there have been criticisms made of the methodology used by Brown and Harris. Tennant and Bebbington (1978) criticise Brown and Harris’ methodology on the basis of their random sampling. They argue that 15% of households in the sample had 2 or more age-eligible women living in them, but Brown and Harris only chose one. Tennant and Bebbington therefore argue that there is bias in the sample and that larger than average households are slightly underrepresented in their research. Tennant and Bebbington (1978) further criticise Brown and Harris on their â€Å"conceptualization and definition† of the concept of â€Å"vulnerability factors†. Tennant and Bebbington argue that the construction of the vulnerability factor â€Å"parental loss† is open to criticism. Brown and Harris argue that maternal loss influences the risk of depression whereas paternal loss doesn’t affect the risk of developing depression. They argue that Brown’s definition of loss consists of three different variables, â€Å"loss through death, separation from one parent, and marital separation of the parents† events which Tennant and Bebbington describe as â€Å"qualitatively quite different† and that the composition of â€Å"maternal† and â€Å"paternal† loss groups may be so different that they are not valid to compare their impact on mental health (1978). They argue that in the instance of separation women usually get the custod y resulting in a paternal loss and regarding death, the risk of losing fathers in childhood is greater than the risk of losing your mother (Langer and Michael 1963 cited by Tennant and Bebbington 1978) and so this comparison in relation to depression is misleading and it would be much more appropriate to compare maternal/paternal death and maternal/paternal separation for more valid results. Conclusion In conclusion, I would argue that this research study by Brown and Harris is undeniably important to Social Work practice. Through its mixed methodology, using both qualitative and quantitative methods of research, it proves a very reliable and valid picture of class differences and social factors linked to women’s mental health. This research is vital to Social Work practice as it marks a turning point in a change in attitude towards mental health, a shift away from the medical model to a social model of depression. It underpins values that are at the heart of Social Work practice like anti-oppressive practice and equality for women. Word count: 1941 Bibliography Brown, G, W. Harris, T, (1984) 10. Social class, provoking agents, and depression' from Brown, G W. Harris, T, Social origins of depression: a study of psychiatric disorder in women pp.150-169,353-358, London: Tavistock Publications Brown, G. W., Harris, T. (1978). Social origins of depression: a reply.Psychol Med,8(4), 577-88. Tennant, C., Bebbington, P. (1978). The social causation of depression: a critique of the work of Brown and his colleagues.Psychological Medicine,8(04), 565-575.

Essay example --

What do I want to be when I grow up? What is answer to that question lies in some self-evaluation. What are my strengths and what are my weaknesses? What do I love to do and what I hate doing with my time. What would be realistic in the next maybe 60-70 years, possibly even more life that I have life left? Do I want structure mighty tall towers that touch the sky? Do I want to manage tens of billions of dollars of people’s money? Do I want to be an artist? Do I want to start my own successful enterprises? Or, will I fall into poverty, wage slavery, financial misery, and do nothing? Do I just sit there with student loan debt and not take action. Do I let my time to be spent in a matter I would not like, but â€Å"forced† so? So, many questions, so many possible answers to consider, let us consider some ultimate goals that have many ways to fortune, happiness, and success. First what do I, not anyone else, consider a success to be? Does it mean fame, power, and influence? Does it mean secrecy and peaceful. It depends on which one gives me the most utility of my life. I consider one is a success is to have control over time, to not have being dependent on anyone. I do have to put â€Å"work† over everyone else. If I could I could just walk off the job if I wanted and not have to worry about my standard of living going down. That presents a choice for me today, what do I have to sacrifice today to achieve tomorrow’s results and goals? Can I careless about debt and ring up the cash register for little toys that are going to be worthless in the future? Besides the fact of student loans, will I take out auto loans, go into credit card debt, and lose precious years of compounding to debt? All of the years that I will need for paying debt for l... ...icked a job and give a surmise of it. But, I am purposely being opaque. It just makes life all the better for me. It leaves for the reader (including the writer that is reading the text as he writes) to decide. Clearly there is a road that I am going down, which lane I am going down is to be known later. The basic topic of this essay is what you want to be when you grow up. Frankly, I will never stop growing. I might have some roles when I am growing up. While others fear about age, I love what it can bring. Ubiquitous thinking, eh, so as the writing goes to formal to causal to formal again, I will not recap what we learned. It is far easier for the reader to flip back to first three pages. Saves me a whole lot of time too, and time is a precious currency. This essay was started at 5:35am 7/25/13 and finished around 8 am that day. I hope you have a wonderful day

The Saga of Kirke :: Classics

The Saga of Kirke. In various situations in the Kirke episode the themes of false paradise and loyalty are present. The Island of Kirke gives itself a false appearance of divinity. The goddess Kirke gives off a false appearance of enchantment and courtesy. Odysseus and his men convey the theme of loyalty throughout the episode of Kirke to each other. Odysseus shows loyalty not just to his men, but to his wife and his homeland as well. From the ship's arrival on the shore the island gives itself a false appearance of divinity. Odysseus narrates that an unseen god has lured them into the cove: "We came/ washed in our silent ship upon her shore/ and found a cove, a haven for a ship-/ some god, invisible, conned us in" (154-157). False appearance of divinity comes out on third day on the island of Kirke. On Odysseus's way back to the seashore from the observation rock he comes across a big buck, which he kills to feed his men. Odysseus perceives the buck as a gift from the gods: ", some god's compassion/ Set a big buck in motion to cross my path-/ So hands were washed to take what heaven sent us" (173-200). Kirke herself gives off a false appearance to the men. When the first group of Odysseus's men come to the house, they were enticed by the goddess's song: "In the entrance way they stayed to listen there:" (240-241). She shows the men that she is courteous by inviting the men in and giving them food and drink. The goddess works her magic on the men by giving them temptations to deal with. She gives them food to eat, and wine that she has laced with some sort of potion that causes the men to lose desire to go home. Kirke then turns the men into pigs. She uses false appearance as a courteous enchanting god the lure the men in. "/ to call them in./ While she prepared a meal of cheese and baley/ and amber honey mixed with Pramnian wine./ adding her own vile pinch,/ / all/ swinish now" (253-265). The men are not the only ones that have to deal with the deception of Kirke. She tries to deceive Odysseus with the same food and drink that she offered his men, but with the knowledge attained from Hermes he was able to out wit the goddess. When her first attempt fails she then tries flattery to dupe Odysseus into the bedroom to lie with her: " 'What a champion, of what country, can you be?/ We two shall mingle and make love upon our bed.

Was the Alliance System Responsible for the Outbreak of WWI? :: World War I History

Was the Alliance System Responsible for the Outbreak of WWI? The importance of the alliance system that developed in Europe in the decades before World War I as a cause for it is still an important topic of debate and argument between modern historians. Some argue that the alliance system was a direct cause of the outbreak of war between all major countries in Europe while other historians prefer to state that the alliance configuration we observe before the war started was simply a symptom of the conflicts and disagreements, fears and envies that had been accumulating since the Bismarck system of alliances collapsed, and even before then. This last opinion is becoming more accepted as the one that describes the true importance of the actual alliance system as a cause of the war. In order to determine the importance of the alliance system as a cause for the war we must first explore the origins of these alliances. We will take high-point of the Bismarck system in 1878 as our starting point as the Franco-Prussian war is a key factor for the dev elopment of this system. The alliance system ideated by the German chancellor Otto von Bismarck kept peace in Europe but its main aim was, however, to forestall the possibility that, in the event of war, Germany would have to fight it on two fronts (basically France and Russia). This was achieved by diplomatically isolating France so that its dream of recapturing its lost provinces of Alsace-Lorraine couldn't be fulfilled. This was done by, firstly, the creation of the League of the Three Emperors or Dreikaiserbund. It was first projected as a meeting of the monarchs of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia in 1872 and confirmed the following year, the 22nd of October 1873. Here, the very general and formless agreement was given a more solid form by military agreements promising to help any country attacked by a fourth party. And all this even though that there was mutual rivalry between Russia and Austria-Hungary in the Balkans. This proved to be a concrete way to isolate France for as E. Eyck mentions, "the League ensured that neither Austria-Hungary nor Russia was available as an ally for France". At this point, Bismarck didn't consider Britain as a potential French ally as they had a long history of rivalry. Secondly, in 1887 the Reinsurance Treaty was signed with Russia in which it promised to support Russia's claims to the strait and to remain neutral in the event of war unless it attacked Austria-Hungary, the same with Russia, who promised to remain neutral unless it attacked France.

Null Hypothesis

Why We Don’t â€Å"Accept† the Null Hypothesis by Keith M. Bower, M. S. and James A. Colton, M. S. Reprinted with permission from the American Society for Quality When performing statistical hypothesis tests such as a one-sample t-test or the AndersonDarling test for normality, an investigator will either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis, based upon sampled data. Frequently, results in Six Sigma projects contain the verbiage â€Å"accept the null hypothesis,† which implies that the null hypothesis has been proven true.This article discusses why such a practice is incorrect, and why this issue is more than a matter of semantics. Overview of Hypothesis Testing In a statistical hypothesis test, two hypotheses are evaluated: the null (H0) and the alternative (H1). The null hypothesis is assumed true until proven otherwise. If the weight of evidence leads us to believe that the null hypothesis is highly unlikely (based upon probability theory), then we hav e a statistical basis upon which we may reject the null hypothesis. A common misconception is that statistical hypothesis tests are designed to select the more likely of two hypotheses.Rather, a test will stay with the null hypothesis until enough evidence (data) appears to support the alternative. The amount of evidence required to â€Å"prove† the alternative may be stated in terms of a confidence level (denoted X%). The confidence level is often specified before a test is conducted as part of a sample size calculation. We view the confidence level as equaling one minus the Type I error rate (? ). A Type I error is committed when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected. An ? value of 0. 05 is typically used, corresponding to 95% confidence levels.The p-value is used to determine if enough evidence exists to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative. The p-value is the probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis. The two possible conclusions, af ter assessing the data, are to: 1. Reject the null hypothesis (p-value ? ) and conclude that there is not enough evidence to state that the alternative is true at the pre-determined confidence level of X%. Note that it is possible to state the alternative to be true at the lower confidence level of 100*(1 – p-value)%. Ronald A.Fisher succinctly discusses the key point of our paper: In relation to any experiment we may speak of†¦ the â€Å"null hypothesis,† and it should be noted that the null hypothesis is never proved or established, but is possibly disproved, in the course of experimentation. Every experiment may be said to exist only in order to give the facts a chance of disproving the null hypothesis. 1 A Helpful Analogy: The U. S. Legal System Consider the example of the legal system in the United States of America. A person is considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.We may state this particular decision-making process in the form of a hypo thesis test, as follows: H0: Person is innocent vs. H1: Person is not innocent (i. e. , guilty) The responsibility then falls upon the prosecution to build a case to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. It should be borne in mind that a jury will never find a person to be â€Å"innocent. † The defendant would be found â€Å"not guilty† in such a situation; i. e. , the jury has failed to reject the null hypothesis. Decisions Based on Data We must keep in mind, of course, that it is always possible to draw an incorrect conclusion based upon sampled data.There are two kinds of error we can make: †¢ Type I error. When the null hypothesis is rejected, practitioners refer to the Type I error when they present results, using language such as: â€Å"We reject the null hypothesis at the 5% significance level,† or â€Å"We reject the null hypothesis at the 95% confidence level. † †¢ Type II error. A second possible mistake involves incorrectly failing t o reject the null hypothesis. The power of a test is defined as one minus the Type II error rate, and is therefore the probability of correctly rejecting H0. The sample size plays an important role in determining the statistical power of a test.When statisticians address small sample sizes, they often refer to the power to justify their concerns. One may argue that the sample size would be too low to correctly detect a difference from the hypothesized value, if that difference truly existed. Example of a Test with Low Power Consider a test that compares the mean of a process to a target value. The null and alternative hypotheses are, respectively: H0: Process mean on target vs. H1: Process mean different from target Suppose two observations are collected daily to monitor for a change in the process mean (i. e. , n = 2). Assume a one-sample t-test is carried out at the ? 0. 05 significance level (95% confidence level) and the resulting p-value is above 0. 05. Fig. 1 One-Sample t-Test As is shown in Figure 1, there is less than a 50% chance (power = 0. 4944) such a test will correctly reject the null hypothesis even when the difference between the process mean and the target is six standard deviations. This is obviously an enormous statistical difference, yet the test (owing to the small sample size) would not be sensitive to it. The danger in concluding the process is on target with a sample size of two, for this example, is evident. ImplicationsAssessing and relaying findings in a cogent manner is critical for Six Sigma practitioners. In statistical hypothesis testing procedures, this means that investigators should avoid misleading language such as that which implies â€Å"acceptance† of the null hypothesis. Reference th 1. Ronald A. Fisher, The Design of Experiments, 8 ed. (New York: Hafner Publishing Company Inc. , 1966), 17. Bibliography 1. Lenth, Russell V. â€Å"Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample Size Determination. † The Americ an Statistician 55, no. 3 (2001): 187-193. 2. Tukey, John W. â€Å"Conclusions vs. Decisions. † Technometrics 2, no. 4 (1960): 423433.

International Globalization Marketing Plan of Batik Essay

Our mission is to establish a Global Batik Boutique industry with world-class quality in fashion design to support corporate clients and stylist society of upper market. We would like to be known as an industry driven by social values. We strive to be a â€Å"Choice of Retailer† in developing long-term Batik business relationships with our customers, which are founded on our ability to help identify the style-fashion and recommend the best wares and look’s for our customers. We strive for continuous improvement in providing â€Å"New Design† and â€Å"Good Quality† materials selection through a â€Å"Right-on-Time † fashion delivery. Batek Empat Kawan Sdn Bhd need to grow their revenue by exporting Batik products and expanding into new markets segmentation. With faster communication, transportation and financial flows, the company is planning penetrate into United Kingdom Consumer market on establishment of Batik made garment products . 1. 0 Company Background Batek Empat Kawan Sdn Bhd (BEK Sdn Bhd ) is a Malaysian owned company, a batik fashion and boutique consulting firm head quarters in Cyberjaya, Malaysia, specializing in all kind of batik design garment products. BEK Sdn Bhd incorporated in 2001, has an Sales Office and Manufacturing plant at Kajang.